Two Types Of Ratio Comparisons For Etisalat Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

In this  report  we will  analyze two Types of Ratio Comparisons first ratio Trend or time-series analysis and second Cross-sectional analysis for Etisalat. We will find liquidity ratios, activity ratios, leverage ratios, profitability ratios, market ratios and the DuPont system for Etisalat. Etisalat Overview Etisalat; UAEs first telecommunication company laid its foundation in 1976, with a paid up principal of about (AED) 7,906,140,000 And the par value per share is (AED): 1.00. The number of current employees is about 10500 persons. Major owner The Federal Government of UAE own Etisalat up to 60.03% Actions It is the prime objective of Etisalat to offer services that suits everyones needs. Etisalat is responsible for providing telephone, TV and Internet services and a host of other services, serving everyone across UAE. It is a multinational firm with presence in most of the International markets. It provides state-of -the-art services to its clientele. Reach out. The worlds waiting. (ETISALAT) (ETISALAT) (ETISALAT) Vision A world where peoples reach is not limited by distance. People stay in touch with each ither, beyond boundaries. Businesses of all types, stay connected with the rest of the world, enabling sources to reach their customers. Introducing latest technologies by providing chances of access to the ones who want to utilize them. (ETISALAT) Mission To extend Etisalats services by extending clients reach. It strives to continuously enhance its network enabling clients to grow, learn and innovate. (ETISALAT) Values Energy Etisalat values the energy to attain the desired outcome in any business. It is ready to face the future challenges and chances to grow. Openness It has an open door policy, and it truly believes in honest, fair and straight forward business dealings. Enablement Our aim is to open up opportunities and to actively help people reach their goals. We always deliver what we say we will. (ETISALAT) We will use Trend or time-series analysis to evaluate Etisalats performance for year 2010 and 2009. Short-term solvency, or Liquidity Ratios Etisalats Ratio for 2010 = 19313791 /24477988 = 0.79 Etisalats Ratio for 2009 = 19562585 / 23488380 = 0.83 Etisalats ratio for the year 2009 is better than that of 2010; (0.83) But as per the studies it has to be greater than 1, hence here no ratio is higher than 1. (ROSS, 2008) Etisalats Quick Ration for 2010 = (19313791-316261 ) / 24477988= 0.78 Etisalats Quick Ration for 2009 = (19562585- 272410 ) / 23488380= 0.82 (ROSS, 2008) Etisalats Quick ratio in 2009 is better off because it is close to1, but it is not that liquid because in order for it to be liquid it should be more than 1. Assets Utilization, or Turnover Ratios Etisalats Inventory Turnover 2010 = 4126455/316261 = 13.05 Etisalats Inventory Turnover 2009 = 3919638 / 272410 = 14.4 This calculates Etisalats liquidity of an inventory; how quick it sells its products and services. Hence, it is better in the year of 2009; 14.4; higher than 2010 (13.05). (ROSS, 2008) Etisalats Days Sales in inventory in 2010 = 365 / 13.05 = 27.97 days Etisalats Days Sales in inventory in 2009 = 365 / 14.4 = 25.3 days This ratio informs us about the average age of inventory; the average days sales in inventory. Based on our findings, the ratio in 2009 was better than 2010, because it was lower, so the lower number of days, the better it is. (ROSS, 2008) Receivables Turnover Receivables Turnover in 2010 = 8448082 / ( 29359666 ) = 28.77 Times Receivables Turnover in 2009 = 3264142 / ( 30831390 ) = 10.58 Times This ratio tells us about the amount of time required to collect the accounts receivable, which in this case is better for the year 2009 (10.58 Times), so the fewer the better. (ROSS, 2008) Days Sales In Receivable = Year 2010 = 365 / 28.77=12.69 Days Year 2009 = 365/10.58=34.50 Days In this ratio, Etisalat did better in 2009, as compared to 2010, as the more number of days also helped it to pay to suppliers in more days. (ROSS, 2008) Total Asset Turnover Total Asset Turnover for 2010 = 31929488/ 20078214 =1.59 Total Asset Turnover for 2009 = 31334387/ 71378596 = 0.43 This ratio informs us, as to how nicely Etisalat used its assets to generate sales. It is better in 2010, as it is higher (1.59). (ROSS, 2008) Capital intensity = For Year 2010: 20078214/31929488 =0.63 For Year 2009: 71378596/31334387=2.27 Long Term Solvency, Or Financial Levarage Debt Ratio = Total Liabilities / Total Assets Debt Ratio 2010 =33041805 / 75607132 = 43.70% Debt Ratio 2009 = 30989298 / 71378596 = 43.41% The debt shows the total money utilized to have profits, which is better in 2010, as its higher (43.70%), so Etisalat has a graeter degree of independence and higher financial leverage. (ROSS, 2008) Debt-equity Ratio: total debt/total equity Debt-equity Ratio in 2010 = 33041805/42565325=0.77 Debt-equity Ratio in 2009 = 30989298 /40389298=0.77 The Debt-equity Ratio remained the same for both years. Times Interest Earned = EBIT / Interest For year 2010 = 6996442 / 384836 = 18.18 For year 2009 = 8814963 / 571493 = 15.4 This determines Etisalats efficiency to make interest payments as in contracts; it is also termed as interest coverage ratio, which is better in 2010 for Etisalat. (ROSS, 2008) Profitability Ratios Profit Margin PM = Net Income / Net Sales Profit Margin in 2010 = 27802963 / 31929488 = 87.07 % Profit Margin in 2009 = 26911751 / 30831390 = 87.3 % The higher the profit margin the better it is, the lower the relative cost of products sold. It was higher in 2009, as compared to 2010. (ROSS, 2008) Earnings Per Share (EPS) EPS in 2010 = 7428778 / 7187400 = 1.03 AED EPS in 2009 = 8582733 / 7187400 = 1.19 AED EPS demonstrates the amount earned on each outstanding share of common stock in dirhams , but not the amount of earnings divided among its shareholders. It was better in 2009 as it was higher (AED 1.19). (ROSS, 2008) Return on Total Assets (ROA) = ROA in 2010 = 7428778 / 75607130 = 9.82 % ROA in 2009 = 8582733 / 71378596 = 12.02% R.O.A determines the profits made with available assets; also termed as Return on Investments (ROI). This ratio was better for the year 2009, as Etisalat made a profit of AED 12.02% on each asset investment in Dirhams. (ROSS, 2008) Return on Equity (ROE) = ROE in 2010 = 7428778 / 42565325 = 17.45% ROE in 2009 = 8582733 / 40389298 = 21.3 % It determines the return earned on common stockholders investment in Etisalat. Here, the stakeholders were better off in 2009 than in 2010, as the return on equity was 21.3%. (ROSS, 2008) Market Ratios Price Earnings (P/E) Ratio = P/E in 2010 = 9.983 / 1.03 = 9.69 P/E in 2009 = 10.95 / 1.19 = 9.20 P/E determines the amount that the investors are willing to pay for each dirham of the firms earnings. Hence, higher the rate, the better it is, which shows the confidence of investors in investing in Etisalat, which is better for the year 2010. (ROSS, 2008) Market/Book (M/B) Ratio M/B in 2010 = 9.983 / 4.95= 2.01 M/B in 2009 = 10.95 / 5.62 = 1.95 Market/book ratio in 2010 is higher for Etisalat, demonstrating better growth chances. (ROSS, 2008) DuPont system analysis DuPont system analysis = ROA = It will be equal to the answer we got from ROA †¦ (ROSS, 2008)

Choosing Writeplacer Essay Topics Is Simple

Choosing Writeplacer Essay Topics Is Simple Sure, with this kind of a big number of topics to pick from, picking just one may be challenging. Identifying an issue and proposing one or more solutions ought to be a vital aspect in your essay. Since you can see, a lot of the topics listed are new and tackle the present issues happening in the World today. So here's ways to land on an acceptable topic. You won't be requested to write about a particular topic so much as you'll be requested to respond to a particular scenario. Still, figuring out the ideal topic for your essay isn't your only concern for a student. What to Do About Writeplacer Essay Topics Before You Miss Your Chance Of all Of the great college essay topics, no topic was selected. If you're authentic, nobody can write the very same essay as you! You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but don't forget to do your homework on what the present laws about your preferred topic actually say. There are several persuasive essay topics to pick from to finish your high school or college assignment. Writeplacer Success essay guide teaches you all you want to understand in order to be successful with your essay. So without further ado, here are a few effective writing tips to create your common app essay stick out! Whatever college essay topic you select or are assigned, the secret is to compose a great stand-out essay. When you imitate the job written by somebody else and move it as your individual it's generally referred to as plagiarism. You have to make sure that you're very interested in the topic before it's possible to persuade others about it. There are many things a person could gain from community services. Most students have a tendency to go for easy essay topics by talking about themselves, doing their very best to express their exclusive qualities and trying to stick out from the remainder of the pack. The college essay is among the most essential charact eristics of your college application. A college essay topic may or might not be freely dependent on the student based on the course and the professor. By doing things locally, the student would have to interact with many distinct individuals. Therefore, it's an important portion of preparing a student for adulthood and needs to be included in their high school graduation requirements. A Secret Weapon for Writeplacer Essay Topics It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points that you could counter to your own points. All things considered, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. The WritePlacer essay is the written part of the ACCUPLACER test and it's intended to rate your capacity to construct effective, informative work. Application essays about challenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to individuals who are rather interested in how you'll handle the subsequent four years by yourself. Choosing Writeplacer Essay Topics Even though it took lots of writing, it was a pretty straightforward procedure. Occasionally it is few teachers and at times it is a good deal in the auditorium. In the very first part, students are requested to rewrite some of a sentence by picking the most suitable option out of four available alternatives. Writeplacer Essay Topics - What Is It? Set your objective first, then produce a means to write it in an intriguing manner for your readers to relish. Your unique ideas and opinions in the paper has to be supported with arguments. In the majority of cases, you want to think of a topic which will enable other people to understand your viewpoint, and telling them to think that what you write is true. The cost of an essay is dependent upon the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. There must be unity and coherence among the examples which you use in your essay. At exactly the same time, it's an excellent persuasive essay idea. The id eal way to do so is to keep the period of the presentation short. Writeplacer Essay Topics Can Be Fun for Everyone You first have to determine the reason behind your essay, before you are able to write persuasive content about it. Next, you must consider the method on how you need to relay it to your readers. Always make sure that the reader will understand why you're moving from 1 paragraph to the next paragraph! Always ensure that your reader will get a comprehension of your reason behind moving about from a single section to a different paragraph!

The Woman Warrior and The Interesting Narrative Essay

The Woman Warrior and The Interesting Narrative In both The Woman Warrior and The Interesting Narrative, the authors inspect the issue of one’s cultural identity by way of the telling of their own story, and how it has affected them. By telling their stories as persons who have emerged themselves into a new culture, but at the same retained vestiges of the old, Olaudah Equiano and Maxine Kingston are exemplifying a duality in cultural identity, that is often times lost. Before continuing, though, it is important to clarify the definition of â€Å"cultural identity,† at least for this paper. One’s cultural identity is the way one sees oneself in terms of the cultures and societies that they have come from. This†¦show more content†¦This personal connection to the â€Å"native† culture is an important part to any cultural identity, because it provides a means of introspection, an ability to determine one’s perception of oneself. 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Racial Profiling And Racial Stereotyping Essay - 1959 Words

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Climate Change Is A Real Threat - 1105 Words

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Essay on Kurt Cobain - 1034 Words

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Nirvana took the popular music industry by storm when they were able to revamp the genre of grunge rock and cause a dramatic shift in musicRead MoreKurt Cobain s Suicide Like It Was Yesterday1750 Words   |  7 PagesKaren McKay recalls the day of Kurt Cobain s suicide like it was yesterday. McKay remembers Kurt Cobain as an inspiring and loved artist. Kurt C obain was an accomplished lead singer and guitarist of the grunge band Nirvana, known for his appearance, stage presence, and deeply personal lyrics. At the height of his career, Cobain had ended his life not being able to handle all of the fame and glory that was bestowed upon him. He was greatly admired and a great inspiration for many of the world sRead MoreEssay Nirvana a Rock Band Formed by Kurt Cobain 922 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluential, effective and remarkable rock bands of the century. This trio from Seattle appeared in the public consciousness in 1991 with their single â€Å"Smells Like Teen Spirit† full with pure, raw emotions which was new that time. Nirvana was formed by Kurt Cobain singer/guitarist and Krist Novoselic bassist in Aberdeen, Washington in 1987. During their career, they had six drummers. Dave Grohl, who joined the band in 1990, was the longest-lasting. They released their first album Bleach in 1989; thereby theyRead More Kurt Cobain was Murdered Essay1073 Words   |  5 Pages Kurt Donald Cobain was found dead in the green house of his mansion on March 1994, cause of death â€Å"suicide by self inflicted gunshot wound† or at least what was pronounced and believed by many to this day. It is plain and simple he was murdered. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Kurt Cobain the singer and guitarist of the 90s band Nirvana which was an alternative rock band from 1988 to 1994. Cobain was born in the town of Aberdeen Washington. 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Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Answer: Introduction: The Commonwealth Bank of Australia is one of the largest business companies in Australia. It was established in 1911 by the Australian government and later was listed in the Australian stock exchange market. However, it was then privatized by the same government in 1996 which still manages its operations to date. CBA is a multinational bank whose business operations spreads towards New Zealand, Fiji, Asia, USA and the UK (Commonwealth Bank of Australia, 2008). It also offers a good number of business services which are normally under the retail services, institutional and individual banking services, insurance services, investment and financial management services among others. With this in mind, the bank established a large number of branches or subsidiaries that operate under its management. E.g. the Commonwealth securities Limited (CommSec), Commonwealth Insurance Limited (CommInsure), ASB in New Zealand and Bankwest to name a few of them (commbank.com.au). Nevertheless, its headq uarters are situated at Darling Harbour, Sydney, Australia where its major and central operations take place. After its establishment, the bank has been growing and developing till today. Being listed as one of the largest business in Australia, its operations must be modernized as well as updated. Since the bank offers financial services, then it certainly must be using the modern and technologized accounting systems and packages to manage and control its business operations. It uses them to run the banking operations in all of its branches which has enabled it to be even more successful I its industry. The organizational structure of a business is the physical and logical organization of the business authority, powers, principles, laws, rules and regulations. In addition it also relates to the identification and implementation of the goals and objectives of the business with an aim of achieving them. Therefore, this means that the organization structure will relate to the employees, management team, products or services offered, strategies and techniques of performing business operations among other things (Baird et al, 2017). Therefore, the banks top management roles are performed by the board of commissioners who control, direct, organize and plan all the overall business processes and procedures. There are managers who work under this team of top managers by running the banks branches and other departments. However, the bank also a very large number of employees (around 45,000) that include financial analysts, sales teams, accountants, other managers, investment advisors to name just but a few. Additionally, it has many various organizational department or rather divisions whose purpose is to focus on customer needs and most importantly customer satisfaction. These activities include services like retail banking services, business and private banking services, international financial management, wealth management and safekeeping, institutional banking and marketing services among others. However, to be able to succeed in all of these business operations and activities, the bank has its mission, vision and values that they look forward to achieving. This structure seems to be a simple and clear structure which has helped the bank maintain its market and its business operations since its establishment to date. Also, it is the structure that has helped it become so successful to the extent of being listed as one of the topmost companies in Australia. Challenges in meeting market demand The bank operates in different locations within and without Australia; e.g. New Zealand, Fiji, Asia, USA, Sydney among others. Also, it offers a wide range of services which means that it has a very large market share and market segment in all its locations. For instance, it offers retail services, business and personal banking services, investment opportunities to name a few. This is a clear indication of how large its market and demand can really be. However, the company may be unable to reach the market demand especially in seasons when it is high. This challenge can cause a lot of damage for the bank especially in terms of revenue earned and customer satisfaction levels. The bank has a large number of subsidiaries in different locations and working under its management. This means that the communication process and process between the branches and the main bank headquarters must be effective and efficient. The structure should be flexible so that it can be able to adjust to location changes as well as the technological changes. However, poor communication is a challenge that is experienced by most large and rapidly growing business. Also it later causes organizational problems in general and therefore failure. The CBA subsidiaries have various departments or rather divisions which help the business run its various operations. This means that every department has its manager, human resource manager among others. Therefore, the process of employees reporting to different managers in different division may lead to conflicts between them when it comes to the overall reporting stage, i.e. to the top management team. Here there may be disagreements between the managers concerning different business aspects. This is a challenge that arises from structure like that of CBA bank. Most Likely Acquisition Method for CBA The most likely acquisition method for CBA is the ERP system methods. The Enterprise Resource Planning, ERP, is basically a software systems used to manage a businesss operations and activities and channel them towards the set objectives and goals of the business. For instance, it can manage and control the technological advancement, human resource operations are activities like hiring, firing, appraisals, retiring process, manufacturing and production operations among other things. This system is mostly applicable for large and well developed businesses therefore making it the best option for CBA bank. Apparently, it is a business that deals with offering a large number of services, managing a large number of employees, satisfying a large and wide market share and segment and most importantly managing a god number of branches or subsidiaries (Papadopoulos et al, 2017). Therefore, the implementation of this kind of software systems, it will be able to make its business operations eas y and management responsibility of the top managers and the other managers pretty simple and easy as well (Boehm et al, 2013). Also, it will be able to be updated on real time the progress of all the organizational departments and division as well as the performance of the overall bank operations. It is important for every business transaction to be recorded and documented for future reference as well as for evidence availability. Therefore, anyone who is to be involved in a sale process should ensure that the information recording and documentation is done correctly and effectively to avoid problems. This means that the customers, accountants and the bank tellers should be extremely cautious when dealing with the customers finances. In correct recording and documenting is a problem that occurs in many business that deal with finances like banks. This is in relation to bank account hacking and access by unauthorized personnel. Every business should ensure that its finances and other customer or business information is well and properly safeguarded and secured. This means that there should be security measurers installed and implemented in all the parts and stages of business transactions or operations. For instance, in the case of CBA bank, it should ensure that the customers have been checked and verified before they enter the bank, the employees given security accesses up to certain levels of clearances to prevent theft among other things. Lack of adequate product knowledge According to Khodakarami et al, 2014, the sellers of a product should ensure that they have enough knowledge about the product before they go to sell. This will help them convince the customer to purchase the product or service. The accounting software packages are used to monitor, evaluate and analyze a businesss financial statements reports and records. They help a business manage and control its finances in the best way possible. This is in relation to investment decisions, revenue allocation and spending procedures, expenditure decisions to name a few. In that case, CBS has certainly been using the modern and advanced accounting software systems to perform its operations. These systems have often proved to be of great help in businesses like banks and have certainly contributed to their success (Wixom et al, 2014). For instance, for CBA to be listed as one of the best and largest banks in Australia, it must be using such kind of software packages. These systems have helped the company manage its customer relations, finances, human resource department management but most importantly its financial status and finance spending (Rajaguru et al, 2013). Through the accounting software package, it is able to mon itor and manage its market share, service demand, manage its branches or subsidiaries among other things. In addition to that, it is able to account for its financial spending and budget for its future revenues through the help of the financial analysts. Therefore, having this in mind, it is clear how important and essential the accounting software packages are for a business like the CBA bank and how helpful they can also be. As for this kind of business and industry, having the best and most modernized accounting software can lead to better performance and therefore improved success levels. CBAs Current Market Size Just as mentioned earlier, the bank has a very large and wide market share and segment. Apparently, it offers a wide range of services like business and private banking, retail banking, international financial management, wealth management and safekeeping, institutional banking and marketing services to name a few of them. This shows that the business has a large number of customer variety who need satisfaction from different services. In addition to that, the bank operates in many town like New Zealand, Fiji, Sydney and Australia among others. Also it has a large number of subsidiaries like Bankwest, Commonwealth securities Limited (CommSec), Commonwealth Insurance Limited (CommInsure) and ASB (New Zealand) as some of its main branches and brands. The business has been listed as one of the largest banks in Australia which give it an opportunity to be popular as well as famous. This is an additional aspect that increases its market share and market segment in the banking industry. Al so, just as mentioned earlier it is multinational business which means that it operates in many other countries outside Australia; e.g. in United Kingdom, Asia and USA. Through this, it increases its market shares even to a wider range. CBA has been rated very highly by its customers as well as by the economic status analysts in the country which means that it offers very good and quality services. Since the company is rated as one of the best banks in Australia, its closes competitors in the industry are its fellow big four banks, which are the Westpac, NAB and ANZ banks (Commonwealth Bank of Australia, 2008). The CBA and all these banks offer almost the exact same quality and type of banking services to their customers. However, being listed as one of the top four banks in the country, then they have to have a certain aspect that gives each of them a competitive advantage. Therefore, for the case of the NAB, the company has been rated higher than CBA on some aspects which gives it a competitive advantage on that aspect, i.e. the fact that they operate in more locations and have more subsidiaries than CBA. Also, those other banks have a wider variety of services that they offer to their customers which also gives t hem competitive advantage over CBA. Challenges Facing Accounting Software Users Lack of technical support e.g. electricity and enough computers or equipment. Lack of experience and expertise required for the system operation. Lack of advanced technological support to assist them especially when it comes to speed of the software packages. Recommendations CBA should ensure effective and efficient training is conducted to teach the users how the systems should be operated. CBA should ensure that all the support needed for the systems to be functional are available and enough. The bank should be able to upgrade the systems frequently to ensure that they are fast, effective and efficient. References Aoki, M., 2013. Monitoring characteristics of the main bank system: An analytical and development view.Chapters, pp.342-374. Garvey, W.D., 2014.Communication: the essence of science: facilitating information exchange among librarians, scientists, engineers and students. Elsevier. Missimer, M., Robrt, K.H. and Broman, G., 2017. A strategic approach to social sustainabilityPart 1: exploring the social system.Journal of Cleaner Production,140, pp.32-41. Rajaguru, R. and Matanda, M.J., 2013. Effects of inter-organizational compatibility on supply chain capabilities: Exploring the mediating role of inter-organizational information systems (IOIS) integration.Industrial Marketing Management,42(4), pp.620-632. Kamariotou, M. and Kitsios, F., 2017. Information Systems Phases and Firm Performance: A Conceptual Framework. InStrategic Innovative Marketing(pp. 553-560). Springer International Publishing. Khodakarami, F. and Chan, Y.E., 2014. Exploring the role of customer relationship management (CRM) systems in customer knowledge creation.Information Management,51(1), pp.27-42. Baird, K. and Baird, K., 2017. The effectiveness of strategic performance measurement systems.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,66(1), pp.3-21. Wollmann, D. and Steiner, M.T.A., 2017. The Strategic Decision-Making as a Complex Adaptive System: A Conceptual Scientific Model.Complexity,2017. Coltman, T., Tallon, P., Sharma, R. and Queiroz, M., 2015. Strategic IT alignment: twenty-five years on.Journal of Information Technology,30(2), pp.91-100. Yang, Z., Sun, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y. and Cao, L., 2017, January. Employees Collaborative Use of Green Information Systems. InProceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Commonwealth Bank History A brief history of the Commonwealth Bank, 2012-07-14. About.commbank.com.au. Retrieved. Commonwealth Bank of Australia (2008)."Commonwealth Bank of Australia to acquire Bank West and St Andrew's". Retrieved2008-10-09 Weimar, E. M. I. L. Y., Ariadi, N., Joost, V., Aske, P., Martijn, G., and Alexander P. S., 2017. "The influence of teamwork quality on software team performance."arXiv preprint arXiv:1701.06146. Wixom, B., Ariyachandra, T., Douglas, D., Goul, M., Gupta, B., Iyer, L., Kulkarni, U., Mooney, J.G., Phillips-Wren, G. and Turetken, O., 2014. The current state of business intelligence in academia: The arrival of big data.Communications of the Association for Information Systems,34(1), p.1. Piccoli, G., Lui, T.W. and Grn, B., 2017. The impact of IT-enabled customer service systems on service personalization, customer service perceptions, and hotel performance.Tourism Management,59, pp.349-362.